WinJS : JavaScript library from Microsoft

WinJS

The Windows Library for JavaScript (abbreviated as WinJS) is an open source JavaScript library developed by Microsoft. It has been designed with the primary goal to ease development of Windows Store apps for Windows 8 and Windows Phone apps for Windows Phone 8.1 and Xbox One[1] applications using HTML5 and JavaScript, as an alternative to using XAML and C#, VB.NET or C++ (CX).

What is WinJS?
WinJS is an open-source JavaScript library that can assist you in building HTML, CSS, and JavaScript applications for the Windows Store with a consistent look and performance across all Windows devices. WinJS will work in any browser and can be used as a standalone solution or with other frameworks and libraries.

What can WinJS do?
WinJS makes it possible to add Windows UI controls in HTML, such as ListView, FlipView, and Semantic Zoom, features like virtualizing collections, and high-quality infrastructure like page controls, promises, data-binding, and a template engine.

Where can I use WinJS?
Use WinJS not only for your Universal Windows apps with HTML/JS, but also for your websites, and when using HTML-based app technologies like Apache Cordova. The library consists of modules that bring JavaScript coding conventions to Windows Runtime functionality.

Node.js is a required component of building WinJS on your local machine. Presumably, by working on top of Node, WinJS is able to deal especially well with asynchronous tasks, like chat and other user interactions, within apps.

Try WinJS here.

TypeScript

TypeScript

TypeScript is a free and open source programming language developed by Microsoft. It is a strict superset of JavaScript, and essentially adds optional static typing and class-based object oriented programming to the language. Anders Hejlsberg, lead architect of C#, has worked on development of TypeScript.

TypeScript is a language for application-scale JavaScript development. TypeScript is a typed superset of JavaScript that compiles to plain JavaScript.Any browser. Any host. Any OS. Open Source.

TypeScript supports header files which add type information to existing JavaScript libraries, extending its benefits to popular libraries like jQuery, MongoDB, Node.js, and D3.js.

TypeScript is a language extension that adds features to JavaScript.

• Type annotations and compile-time type checking
• Classes
• Interfaces
• Modules
• Abbreviated "arrow" syntax for anonymous functions

Few server-side JavaScript libraries

Server-side JavaScript means that the server portion of a web application is written in JavaScript.

Below are few JavaScript libraries:

Node.js

Node.js is a platform built on Chrome's JavaScript runtime for easily building fast, scalable network applications. Node.js uses an event-driven, non-blocking I/O model that makes it lightweight and efficient, perfect for data-intensive real-time applications that run across distributed devices.

Rhino

Rhino is an open-source implementation of JavaScript written entirely in Java. It is typically embedded into Java applications to provide scripting to end users. It is embedded in J2SE 6 as the default Java scripting engine.

CommonJS

JavaScript is a powerful object oriented language with some of the fastest dynamic language interpreters around. The official JavaScript specification defines APIs for some objects that are useful for building browser-based applications. However, the spec does not define a standard library that is useful for building a broader range of applications.

You can use JavaScript to write:

• ·         Server-side JavaScript applications
• ·         Command line tools
• ·         Desktop GUI-based applications
• ·         Hybrid applications (Titanium, Adobe AIR)

Socket.IO

Socket.IO aims to make realtime apps possible in every browser and mobile device, blurring the differences between the different transport mechanisms. It's care-free realtime 100% in JavaScript.

Ejscript

Ejscript™ is a compact, fast and powerful implementation of JavaScript. It fully complies with the ECMAScript Edition 3 specification, and adds enhancements such as modules, class declarations, optional typing, and a rich system library.

The Ejscript Web framework has a Model/View/Controller (MVC) paradigm and supports SQL databases with an integrated ORM layer. It has a library of Ajax view controls, templating engine, automatic validations and integrated jQuery support. It is the ideal language for rapid development of Server-Side JavaScript applications.

Big List of JavaScript, CSS, and HTML Development Tools, Libraries, Projects, and Books

The Big List of JavaScript, CSS, and HTML Development Tools, Libraries, Projects, and Books - Rey Bango: 

This article provides lot of tools and libraries. Happy Learning :)

JavaScript Frameworks

Few JavaScript Frameworks:

• Backbone.js: Provides models with key-value binding and custom events, 
• collections, and connects it all to your existing API over a RESTful JSON interface.
• AngularJS: A toolset based on extending the HTML vocabulary for your application.
• Ember.js: Provides template written in the Handlebars templating language, views, controllers, models and a router.
• Knockout: Aims to simplify JavaScript UIs by applying the Model-View-View Model (MVVM) pattern.
• Agility.js: Aims to let developers write maintainable and reusable browser code without the verbose or infrastructural overhead found in other MVC libraries.
• CanJS: Focuses on striking a balance between size, ease of use, safety, speed and flexibility.
• Spine: A lightweight framework that strives to have the most friendly 
• documentation for any JavaScript framework available.
• Maria: Based on the original MVC flavor as it was used in Smalltalk - aka "the Gang of Four MVC".
• ExtJS: Amongst other things offers plugin-free charting, and modern UI widgets.
• Sammy.js: A small JavaScript framework developed to provide a basic structure for developing JavaScript applications.
• Stapes.js: A tiny framework that aims to be easy to fit in an existing codebase, and because of its size it's suitable for mobile development.
• Epitome: Epitome is a MVC* (MVP) framework for MooTools.
• soma.js: Tries help developers to write loosely-coupled applications to increase scalability and maintainability.
• PlastronJS: MVC framework for Closure Library and Closure Compiler.
• rAppid.js: Lets you encapsulate complexity into components which can be easy used like HTML elements in your application.
• Serenade.js: Tries to follow the ideas of classical MVC than competing frameworks.
• Kendo UI: Combines jQuery-based widgets, an MVVM framework, themes, templates, and more.